The European Union Restriction on the use of certain Hazardous Substances Directive came into force on July 1, 2006. From this date on, producers of certain categories of electrical and electronic
equipment will not be able to place on the market any new products that contain six banned substances unless specific exemptions apply.
The six substances restricted under the RoHS Directive are:
Polybrominated biphenyl flame retardants - (PBB)
Lead - (Pb)
Mercury - (Hg)
Hexavalent chromium - (Cr(VI))
Cadmium - (Cd)
Polybrominated biphenyl flame retardants - (PBB)
Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants - (PBDE)
The maximum concentrations are 0.1% (except for Cadmium which is limited to 0.01%) by weight of homogeneous material. This means that the limits do not apply to the weight of the finished product, or
even to a component, but to any single substance that could (theoretically) be separated mechanically, for example, the sheath on a cable or the tinning on a component lead.
Directive 2011/65/EU was published in 2011 by the EU, which is known as RoHS-Recast or RoHS 2. RoHS 2 includes a CE-marking directive, with RoHS compliance now being required for CE marking of
products. RoHS 2 also added Categories 8 and 9, and has additional compliance recordkeeping requirements.
Directive 2015/863 was published in 2015 by the EU, which is known as RoHS 3. RoHS 3 adds four additional restricted substances (phthalates) to the list of six.
RoHS specifies maximum levels for the following 10 restricted substances. The first six applied to the original RoHS while the last four were added under RoHS 3.
Lead (Pb): < 1000 ppm
Mercury (Hg): < 100 ppm
Cadmium (Cd): < 100 ppm
Hexavalent Chromium: (Cr VI) < 1000 ppm
Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB): < 1000 ppm
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE): < 1000 ppm
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP): < 1000 ppm
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP): < 1000 ppm
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP): < 1000 ppm
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP): < 1000 ppm